加拿大留学生作业：Canada's Climate Change Policy and Foreign Policy

加拿大留学生作业-加拿大的气候变化政策和外交政策。本文是一篇加拿大留学生作业写作范文，主要内容是讲述在最近世界各地发生的有关森林砍伐和气候变化的争议事件中，加拿大声称，他们作为世界气候变化领导者重新登上了世界舞台。因此，可以公平地得出结论，他们现在承担着国际责任，在面对环境危机和国际社会的合理关切时，以坚定不移和有效的方式采取行动。以下是这篇加拿大留学生作业范文的全部内容，供参考。

Amid recent contentious events regarding deforestation and climate change in various parts of the world, Canada has asserted that they are back on the world stage as a world leader on climate change. It is therefore fair to conclude that they now bear the international responsibility for acting in an unwavering and effective manner in the face of environmental crisis and legitimate concerns from the international community. 

Throughout this opinion piece I claim that in order to truly be considered a world leader in the international arena, it must show that it can bring about considerable change with its foreign policy and strategy.  Canada must aim to enforce the legally binding regulations set in the International environmental agreements and ally with other countries in nullifying any trade agreements with Brazil in order to signify the legitimacy of environmental agreements and their values as a country.

在这篇评论文章中，我声称，为了真正被认为是国际舞台上的世界领导者，它必须表明，它可以在其外交政策和战略上带来巨大变化。加拿大必须致力于执行国际环境协定中规定的具有法律约束力的条例，并与其他国家合作，废除与巴西的任何贸易协定，以表明环境协定的合法性及其作为一个国家的价值。

For the past several months there has been an alarming number of wildfires in the Amazon instigated by President Bolsonaro and deliberate deforestation. From the biodiversity side, the Bolsonaro government has objected to protections for Amazonia lands as set out in the Convention on Biological Diversity, arguing that these undermine the ability of future generations to market or produce value-added, ignoring the goal of sustainable development. President Trudeau has claimed they will provide assistance and resources to Brazil in order to control the wildfires, and has openly urged other presidents to “do more to protect the environment”.

在过去的几个月里，博尔索纳罗总统煽动的亚马逊河野火和蓄意砍伐森林数量惊人。从生物多样性方面来看，博尔索纳罗政府反对《生物多样性公约》中规定的对亚马孙地区土地的保护，认为这会削弱子孙后代营销或生产增值的能力，而忽视了可持续发展的目标。特鲁多总统声称，他们将向巴西提供援助和资源，以控制野火，并公开敦促其他总统“采取更多措施保护环境”。

“According to a recent survey, the environment is the top issue among residents heading into the federal election, coming in ahead of topics, such as the economy and health care, which have long been a high priority for Metro Vancouver voters.” To say that Canadians do not mind Canada’s standpoint on the environmental crisis is an understatement- they are more concerned than ever about the environment. Many have denounced Trudeau for focusing on foreign policy discourse more than on taking deliberate immediate action that enforces international regulations.

“根据最近的一项调查，环境是即将参加联邦选举的居民的首要问题，排在经济和医疗保健等议题之前，这些议题长期以来一直是温哥华地铁选民的高度优先事项。“说加拿大人不介意加拿大在环境危机上的立场是轻描淡写的——他们比以往任何时候都更关心环境。许多人谴责特鲁多将重点放在外交政策讨论上，而不是采取有意识的立即行动来执行国际法规。

This is a topic that ought to be of concern to everyone because of the value of the Amazon rainforest as a source of life and oxygen that goes beyond its geographic location. “Between August 2017 and July 2018 Brazil lost nearly a billion trees. Preliminary satellite data showed that 920 km² were cleared in June, 88% more than the same month in 2018. In July a startling 278% more than the same month last year” The official figures show more than 87,000 forest fires were recorded in Brazil in the first eight months of the year – the highest number since 2010.”

这是一个值得每个人关注的话题，因为亚马逊雨林作为生命和氧气来源的价值超出了其地理位置。“2017年8月至2018年7月，巴西损失了近10亿棵树木。初步数据显示，6月清理了920平方公里的树木，比2018年同月多88%。7月，与去年同期相比增长了278%，令人震惊。“官方数据显示，今年前8个月，巴西发生了8.7万多起森林火灾，这是自2010年以来的最高数字。”

Considering that there are international environmental agreements in place that have regulations that could be enforceable such as under the Convention on Biological Diversity that aims to protect the conservation of biodiversity and sustainable use of biodiversity, an absence of action upon these agreements would be tactless. Legally binding treaties such as the Convention on Biological diversity enable countries to hold others accountable for not complying with environmental regulations and having lenient targets. It is the responsibility of Canada as a world leader to lead the way by ensuring that these rules are being complied with. There is a lack of enforcement in illegal deforestation and land rights.

考虑到现有的国际环境协定具有可执行的条例，例如《生物多样性公约》旨在保护生物多样性的养护和生物多样性可持续利用，如果不对这些协定采取行动，将是不明智的。《生物多样性公约》等具有法律约束力的条约使各国能够追究其他国家不遵守环境法规和目标宽松的责任。作为世界领导人，加拿大有责任通过确保遵守这些规则来引领潮流。在非法砍伐森林和土地权利方面缺乏执法。

Similarly, while other multilateral treaties and agreements such as Agenda 2030 for Sustainable development and even the Paris agreement are non-binding and can therefore be considered soft law, it can still be politically influential in establishing objectives and aspirations. Although the Paris agreement lacks an enforceable mechanism, countries such as Canada must find a way to stand up against Brazil by ensuring that other conventions that do have enforceable mechanisms are used for their advantage. 

同样，尽管《2030年可持续发展议程》甚至《巴黎协定》等其他多边条约和协定不具约束力，因此可以被视为软法律，但它在确立目标和愿望方面仍然具有政治影响力。尽管《巴黎协定》缺乏一个可执行的机制，但加拿大等国家必须找到一种方法来对抗巴西，确保其他确实具有可执行机制的公约被用于其利益。

Some claim that Canada does not have to halt trade agreements with Brazil, and should instead focus on including environmental provisions in the Canada-Mercosur Free Trade Agreement with Brazil. By placing commercial barriers on Brazilian products and limiting trade with them, Canada’s diversification strategy will be compromised. Canada-Mercosur would contribute to the growth Canadian companies and workers-from British Columbia’s lumber and Ontario’s auto parts and chemicals products to Quebec’s aerospace sector and the Atlantic provinces’ fisheries.

一些人声称，加拿大不必停止与巴西的贸易协定，而是应将重点放在将环境条款纳入与巴西的《加拿大-南方共同市场自由贸易协定》中。通过对巴西产品设置商业壁垒并限制与巴西的贸易，加拿大的多元化战略将受到损害。加拿大南方共同市场将促进加拿大公司和工人的增长，从不列颠哥伦比亚省的木材、安大略省的汽车零部件和化学品产品到魁北克省的航空航天部门和大西洋省份的渔业。

Although it is a fair argument, economic projections from Global Affairs Canada suggest that it could boost Canada’s real gross domestic product by about 1.3 billion dollars. It represents economic growth of about 0.051 per cent, which is not significant relative to the importance of other markets. Moreover, including environmental provisions might provide an incentive later to President Bolsonaro to consider trade but it is not sufficient right now. Simply condemning Bolsonaro’s harmful policies signals not only a feeble foreign policy strategy on the part of Canada, but it also undermines Canada’s core values that the Trudeau government claims to hold. 

尽管这是一个公平的论点，但加拿大全球事务部的经济预测表明，这可能会使加拿大的实际国内生产总值增加约13亿美元。它代表了约0.051%的经济增长，相对于其他市场的重要性而言，这并不重要。此外，包括环境条款可能会激励博尔索纳罗总统稍后考虑贸易，但目前还不够。简单地谴责博尔索纳罗的有害政策，不仅表明加拿大的外交政策策略软弱，而且也破坏了特鲁多政府声称的加拿大核心价值观。

As a call to action, Canada should immediately cease negotiations with Brazil as part of the Mercosur-Canada FTA. Canada has the duty to halt trade negotiations with a country that is not only negligent in the response to the people’s concern for the environmental degradation in the Amazon, but also completely indifferent to International law. Canada ought to be responsive to the concerns and desires of the international community and that entails holding other countries accountable by imposing sanctions, fines or other diplomatic or economic actions that protect our environment and biodiversity abroad, and ultimately defend against threats to international peace and security.

留学生作业提出作为行动呼吁，加拿大应立即停止与巴西的谈判，作为南锥体-加拿大自由贸易协定的一部分。加拿大有义务停止与一个国家的贸易谈判，这个国家不仅在回应人民对亚马逊河环境退化的担忧方面疏忽大意，而且完全无视国际法。加拿大应该对国际社会的关切和愿望作出反应，这意味着通过实施制裁、罚款或其他外交或经济行动来追究其他国家的责任，以保护我们在国外的环境和生物多样性，并最终防止对国际和平与安全的威胁。本站提供各国各专业留学生作业写作指导服务，如有需要可咨询本平台。