MBA Essay范文：What is a Responsible Enterprise?

MBA Essay范文-什么是负责任的企业？本文是一篇留学生MBA Essay写作格式范文，本篇Essay的目的是有效地传达什么是负责任的企业。这篇MBA Essay旨在探讨商业角色的变化。首先，MBA Essay范文旨在确定我们面临的主要全球经济和环境挑战。然后，它将阐述对“负责任的企业”这一短语的理解，以及承认、理解和实施负责任的公司价值观和战略如何有助于应对这些挑战。然后，它将继续审视政府和非营利组织的角色和责任，并提出为什么为了负责任地应对我们面临的挑战，企业、政府和非盈利组织之间可能需要加强合作。最后，它将综合文章的内容，并就全球挑战得出结论。下面就一起来看一下这篇MBA Essay的具体内容。

The purpose of this MBA essay is to effectively communicate what constitutes a responsible enterprise. Throughout this MBA essay, the aim is to discuss the changing role of business. Firstly, this MBA essay aims to identify the key global economic and environmental challenges that we face. It will then proceed to set out the understanding of the phrase ‘responsible enterprise,’ and how acknowledging, understanding and implementing responsible enterprise values and strategies might help address those challenges. It will then proceed to look at the roles and responsibilities of government and non-profit organisations and suggest why greater collaboration between business, government & non-profits might be necessary in order to responsibly tackle the challenges that face us. Finally, it will synthesise the contents of the MBA essay and conclude on the global challenges.

The criterion of sustainability integrate three firmly interlinked elements: economic, environmental and social, and when successfully combined can lead to long lasting sustainability (Sheehan, 2009). Elkington (1997) proposed the triple bottom line in relation to sustainability, coining together the term ‘people, planet, profit.’ (Elkington, 1997). The concept of responsible enterprise has a fundamental problem, as people and businesses conceptualise the planet as having abundant resources, hence leading people to believe that economic expansion has countless possibilities (Wadham, 2016). The responsibility does not solely reside with one party, but is contributed to by business, consumers and government. If the efforts of these people are successfully integrated, this triad can shape society (Wetherly and Otter, 2011). With the current status of the world, there are an inordinate amount of challenges that are faced as a global society. This MBA essay will cover two in particular, in relation to the pillars of sustainability.

可持续性标准融合了三个相互关联的要素：经济、环境和社会，如果成功结合，可以带来持久的可持续性。Elkington提出了与可持续性相关的三重底线，将“人、地球、利润”一词组合在一起。负责任企业的概念有一个根本问题，因为人们和企业将地球概念化为拥有丰富的资源，因此导致人们相信经济扩张有无数的可能性。责任不仅仅在于一方，而是由企业、消费者和政府共同承担的。如果这些人的努力成功地融合在一起，这个三合会就可以塑造社会。鉴于目前的世界状况，作为一个全球社会，面临着大量的挑战。本文将特别介绍两个与可持续发展支柱有关的方面。

The first pillar of sustainability is economic. The need for a favourable economic environment is important for businesses and their ability to grow dynamically. In addition to this, stability enhances the external economic environment in a fortunate way for companies as it creates certainty (Wetherly and Otter, 2014). However, due to the global financial crisis of 2008, uncertainty was spread worldwide and the ripples caused nine years ago are still subsiding. Economists failed to perceive the downfall of the US sub-prime mortgage market and were collectively blamed for starting a global economic crisis (Pettifor, 2017). Being such a wide scale catastrophe, starting with the superpower, a domino effect proceeded worldwide. One such effect had the International labour market describing it as a ‘global job crisis’ (Shah, 2013). Jobs were cut as employers could not afford to keep them on, as a result people cut back on expenditure and stopped spending as much money which caused businesses to suffer further. This caused a rift in the business market. It also meant developing countries who were finally improving, were knocked backed once again. As the crisis, caused food prices to rise, commodity prices are fuel prices to soar.

可持续性的第一个支柱是经济。有利的经济环境对企业及其动态增长能力至关重要。除此之外，稳定增强了外部经济环境，这对公司来说是一种幸运的方式，因为它创造了确定性。然而，由于2008年的全球金融危机，不确定性在全球范围内蔓延，九年前造成的涟漪仍在消退。经济学家没有意识到美国次级抵押贷款市场的崩溃，并被集体指责为引发全球经济危机的罪魁祸首。作为一场如此大规模的灾难，从超级大国开始，多米诺骨牌效应在全球范围内蔓延。其中一个影响是国际劳动力市场将其描述为“全球就业危机”。由于雇主负担不起继续工作，工作岗位被削减，因此人们削减了开支，不再花那么多钱，这导致企业进一步受损。这导致商业市场出现裂痕。这也意味着，最终正在改善的发展中国家再次遭到打击。由于危机导致食品价格上涨，大宗商品价格也导致燃料价格飙升。

Though the immediate focus of this MBA essay is not on the social aspect of sustainably, it has just as much importance. It involves allowing natural communities and individuals to flourish in the present and future. It is a concept that aims to maximise community assets (Georgia Tech, no date). One key global challenge in relation to this, is the water crisis. Due to bad economics and infrastructure, people are dying, in the millions, from inadequate supplies. It affects a shockingly 40% of the world’s population and is increasing (The Water Project, 2016).

尽管这篇文章的直接焦点不是可持续发展的社会方面，但它也同样重要。它涉及到让自然社区和个人在现在和未来蓬勃发展。这是一个旨在最大化社区资产的概念。与此相关的一个关键的全球挑战是水危机。由于糟糕的经济和基础设施，数百万人死于供应不足。它影响着世界40%的人口，而且还在增加。

Completing the triad, is environmental impact and it is becoming more apparent that acknowledging business impact is essential. A sustainable business pertains to organisations efforts for creating human benefits in relation to harmonizing their environmental aspects against their criteria with government and society (Crosbie and Knight, 1995). One major challenge that has created awareness is Climate Change. Involving shifting and uncreditable weather patterns that threaten production of food, to problems such as calamitous flooding due to rising sea levels. (United Nation, 2016). As a result, the impacts of climate change are catalysing negative impacts on the environment. In efforts to control environmental impact, The Paris Climate Change Agreement, made it a requirement for both developed and developing countries to limit their emissions to safe levels, by regularly reviewing their activity (United Nation, 2012). However, in terms of business it was found that only 37% of the world’s biggest companies were reporting complete data on greenhouse gas emissions (The Climate Group, 2013). This inhibits the full impact they could have and questions how responsible they are.

完成三合一是对环境的影响，而且越来越明显的是，承认商业影响是至关重要的。可持续企业是指组织努力创造人类利益，并根据其与政府和社会的标准协调其环境方面。引起人们注意的一个主要挑战是气候变化。涉及威胁粮食生产的不断变化和不可编辑的天气模式，以及海平面上升导致的灾难性洪水等问题。（联合国，2016年）。因此，气候变化的影响正在加剧对环境的负面影响。为了控制环境影响，《巴黎气候变化协定》要求发达国家和发展中国家通过定期审查其活动，将排放量限制在安全水平。然而，在商业方面，人们发现，世界上只有37%的大公司报告了温室气体排放的完整数据。这抑制了他们可能产生的全部影响，并质疑他们的责任感。

With responsible enterprise being such a complex phenomenon, there is no consensus, thus no singular definition. The diverse interpretations encompass various concepts including corporate social responsibility (CSR), sustainability and corporate citizenship. Responsible enterprise as a whole is defined as when companies “operationalise their corporate responsibilities in all of their strategies and business practices by developing relationships with stakeholders and by working to maximise sustainability of the natural environment.” (Waddock and Rasche, 2012: 4). According to the definition provided, the focus of the company should not solely reside in one area, and responsibility should be applied into the core values of the company, in order to enable maximum performance.

责任企业是一个如此复杂的现象，没有达成共识，因此没有单一的定义。不同的解释涵盖了各种概念，包括企业社会责任、可持续性和企业公民身份。作为一个整体，负责任的企业被定义为公司“通过与利益相关者发展关系并努力最大限度地提高自然环境的可持续性，在其所有战略和商业实践中履行其企业责任”。根据所提供的定义，公司的重点不应仅放在一个领域，责任应体现在公司的核心价值观中，以实现最大绩效。

Along with the vast interpretations there are various models and beliefs about whether it is fundamental for a business to act ‘responsibly.’ The neo-classical school of thought, believes that businesses can flourish, if a successful environment is created, however this is only possible if the company operates in a free market. As a result, people are free to choose how they behave, without government intervention (Wetherly and Otter, 2014). Friedman (1970) strongly supports this theory, affirming that the underlying principal is to increase profits and whosoever tries to be ‘socially responsible’ is undermining the previous success a free society has attained, thus making them blind to the true aims of business (Friedman, 1970). However, the global financial crisis proved it was hard to argue in favour of a free market approach, with the collapse of the US free market being a prime example (Reynolds, 2008).

除了各种各样的解释外，还有各种各样的模式和信念，关于企业“负责任”行事是否至关重要新古典主义学派认为，如果创造了一个成功的环境，企业就能蓬勃发展，但这只有在公司在自由市场中运营的情况下才有可能。因此，人们可以自由选择自己的行为方式，而无需政府干预。Friedman强烈支持这一理论，肯定了根本原则是增加利润，任何试图“对社会负责”的人都在破坏自由社会先前取得的成功，从而使他们对商业的真正目标视而不见。然而，全球金融危机证明，很难支持自由市场的做法，美国自由市场的崩溃就是一个典型的例子。

Contrary to this belief, Evan & Freeman‟s (1993) viewpoint is that a company has the responsibility to acknowledge their obligations to indirect stakeholders (Crane and Matten, 2015). In addition, Carroll’s (1991) model of corporate social responsibility (CSR) argues the definition of CSR should encompass four levels; including economic, legal, ethical and discretionary or philanthropic responsibilities, as shown in the diagram above (Carroll, 1983). In essence, Carroll’s definition brings together a range of interpretations, believing businesses should be conducted with the four elements in mind. However, the stages of the pyramid are not chronological and progressive, because it is possible to satisfy the ethical importance whilst failing to meet the legal obligations (Griseri and Seppala, 2010). Also, the diagram leads you to assume Carroll meant CSR as having a hierarchical nature, therefore leading to believe, the higher you go on the pyramid, the more important the stage is. However, Carroll “stipulates that the economic and legal domains are the most fundamental, while philanthropic responsibilities are considered less important.” (Schwartz, 2011:90).

与这种观点相反，Evan&Freeman的观点是，公司有责任承认其对间接利益相关者的义务。此外，Carroll的企业社会责任模型认为，企业社会责任的定义应包括四个层面；包括经济、法律、道德和自由裁量或慈善责任，如上图所示。从本质上讲，Carroll的定义汇集了一系列的解释，认为企业应该考虑到这四个要素。然而，金字塔的各个阶段并不是按时间顺序和渐进的，因为在不履行法律义务的情况下，有可能满足道德重要性。此外，该图让你认为卡罗尔的意思是企业社会责任具有等级性质，因此让人相信，你在金字塔上走得越高，这个阶段就越重要。然而，卡罗尔“规定经济和法律领域是最基本的，而慈善责任被认为不那么重要。”。

An example of a company using CSR strategies is Costa Coffee. They have various initiatives, but one of their most impressive aspects is their alliance with Rainforest Alliance Certified Farms. Farms, forests and tourist businesses who comply with their extensive sustainability criteria are rewarded with the seal of the green frog. This includes meeting Costas environmental protection, economically viable and social criterion. Ultimately they helps address challenges such as deforestation, climate change, alleviation of poverty and helps transform business practices. Costa as a business within the UK use smart coffee machines and 100% renewable energy supply to reduce carbon emissions. They also work in alliance with farmers from England and Wales, therefore contributing to economic growth and supporting small businesses (Costa, 2013).

Costa Coffee就是一家使用企业社会责任战略的公司。他们有各种各样的举措，但他们最令人印象深刻的方面之一是与雨林联盟认证农场的联盟。农场、森林和旅游企业如果符合其广泛的可持续发展标准，将获得绿蛙印章。这包括满足Costas的环境保护、经济可行性和社会标准。最终，它们有助于应对森林砍伐、气候变化、减轻贫困等挑战，并有助于改变商业惯例。Costa作为英国的一家企业，使用智能咖啡机和100%可再生能源供应来减少碳排放。他们还与英格兰和威尔士的农民合作，从而为经济增长和支持小企业做出贡献。

Furthermore, responsible enterprise can be defined using the concept of corporate citizenship (CC). Crane and Matten (2010), believe it should be associated with the corporations action towards governing the social, political and civil rights towards citizens (Crane and Matten, 2010). CC has reference towards the relationship between the individual and the state. In other terms, the rights of the individuals are protected and preserved by the government. Also insinuating that companies have a set of rights and duties to the community (Grisseri and Seppala, 2010).

此外，责任企业可以使用企业公民的概念来定义。Crane和Matten认为，这应该与企业治理公民社会、政治和公民权利的行动联系起来。CC指的是个人与国家之间的关系。换句话说，个人的权利受到政府的保护和维护。还暗示公司对社区有一套权利和义务。

Business ethics is also a part of responsible enterprise. It is a form of applied ethics involving the study of correct conduct in relation to business. Ethical egoism is the perception that the right thing means doing what is best in regards to one’s own interest. For example did Coca-Cola implement sustainability to improve their reputation after reports found that the soft drink giant were funding reports that claimed soft drinks were not a cause for obesity (Nestle, 2015). This is a cause for ethical concern as sugary drinks have proven to cause type-II diabetes. Regardless of this they were spending generously to convince researchers otherwise. By doing this, they relate to the theory of a free market by doing anything to gain and increase profits, and disregarding moral issues by lying and bribing. Therefore, it is hard to distinguish whether firms are applying ‘responsible initiatives’ as a personal interest or genuinely for others, as some claim of being universal, but don’t act correctly (Grisseri and Seppala, 2010).

商业道德也是负责任企业的一部分。它是一种应用伦理学形式，涉及研究与商业有关的正确行为。道德利己主义是一种观念，认为正确的事情意味着做对自己利益最好的事情。例如，可口可乐是否实施了可持续发展以提高其声誉，因为有报道称，这家软饮料巨头资助了声称软饮料不是肥胖原因的报告。这是一个值得伦理关注的原因，因为含糖饮料已被证明会导致II型糖尿病。尽管如此，他们还是慷慨解囊地说服研究人员。通过这样做，他们通过做任何事情来获得和增加利润，并通过撒谎和贿赂无视道德问题，从而与自由市场理论相联系。因此，很难区分企业是将“负责任的举措”作为个人利益，还是真正为他人服务，正如一些人所声称的那样，具有普遍性，但行动不正确。

Governments should view communities holistically and enact decisions that are mutually beneficial to the environment, economy and health of society (Hitchcock and Willard, 2006). REF. Foreseeing the world demand for sustainability allows governments to adapt by transitioning into an economy that is more efficient. Thus, allowing them to take a lead and come out in a strong position to look out for their industries and communities (Peck and Gibson, 2000). In recent years, the importance of addressing the challenges of sustainability is being recognised by governments at every level (Bell, 2002).

政府应全面看待社区，制定对环境、经济和社会健康有益的决策。预见到世界对可持续性的需求，政府可以通过向更高效的经济转型来适应。因此，使他们能够发挥领导作用，并在关注其行业和社区方面处于有利地位。近年来，各级政府都认识到应对可持续性挑战的重要性。

A key factor for the government being able to assist positively in all areas of the country, is decentralisation. Centralisation focuses on the retention of authority within the higher brackets of the government. Whereas decentralisation, systematically distributes power and authority throughout the system (Sidana et al., 2015). The need for this system has been acknowledged with the ex-prime minister, David Cameron, recognising and stating “centralised national blueprints don’t allow local solutions to major social problems and centralisation creates a great distance in our democracy between the government and the governed.” (Cameron, 2010). This was further enacted as the Localism Bill came into fruition in 2011 and became an act of parliament. The Localism Act 2011 aims to “devolve greater powers to councils and neighbourhoods and give local communities more control.” (Localism act 2011 – UK parliament, 2011). In regards to the UK government, as a whole, the Green Money Journal (2002) research found that over £120 billion was invested in institutional and retail funds with active social responsible policies, and sustainable development (Higgs, 2002). In essence, this shows that the government, in the last couple of decades, started to see the requirement of responsibly investing to meet its agendas. This caused for government to intervene. As a result, governments have adopted responsibility of driving CSR, through laws, regulations and tax (Moon, 2004).

政府能够在全国所有地区提供积极援助的一个关键因素是权力下放。中央集权的重点是保留政府高层的权力。而权力下放，则在整个系统中系统地分配权力和权威。前首相戴维·卡梅伦承认了这一制度的必要性，他承认并表示“中央集权的国家蓝图不允许地方解决重大社会问题，中央集权在我们的民主中造成了政府和被统治者之间的巨大距离。”。随着《地方主义法案》于2011年生效并成为议会法案，该法案得到了进一步颁布。《2011年地方主义法案》旨在“将更大的权力下放给议会和社区，并赋予地方社区更多的控制权。”。关于整个英国政府，《绿色货币杂志》的研究发现，超过1200亿英镑投资于具有积极社会责任政策和可持续发展的机构和零售基金。从本质上讲，这表明政府在过去几十年中开始看到负责任地投资以满足其议程的要求。这引起了政府的干预。因此，政府通过法律、法规和税收承担了推动企业社会责任的责任。

Firms thrive when markets are operating well, and are simultaneously increasing economic growth. However, allowing markets to take a completely ‘free market’ approach, doesn’t always translate positively. As a precaution, the government sets legislative and institutional frameworks for markets and companies to operate in (HM Government, 2009). By intervening, it means markets are not independent from the government. They intervene through taxes and subsidies, which can be used to influence incentives of firms in the private sector. For example, subsides can be used to increase financial support for businesses with potential, through government grants, soft loans, and taxes (HM Government, 2009). In the way of sustainability, the Environmental Tax was implemented by the UK in order to protect the environment from pollution by promoting positive environmental behaviour and attempting to reduce the damages (Green fiscal commission, 2011). Introduced in 2001, under the environmental tax, was the Climate Change Levy (Office for National Statistics, 2016). By businesses demonstrating that they are operating officially and complying with the needs of the environment, they can get relief from some taxes (Environmental taxes, reliefs and schemes for businesses, 2016). This ensures businesses to be more sustainable, due to the actions of the government.

当市场运行良好时，企业就会蓬勃发展，同时也会促进经济增长。然而，允许市场采取完全“自由市场”的做法并不总是积极的。作为预防措施，政府为市场和公司制定了立法和体制框架。干预意味着市场并非独立于政府。他们通过税收和补贴进行干预，这些税收和补贴可以用来影响私营部门企业的激励措施。例如，补贴可用于通过政府拨款、软贷款和税收增加对有潜力企业的财政支持。在可持续性方面，英国实施了环境税，旨在通过促进积极的环境行为和努力减少损害来保护环境免受污染。2001年，在环境税下引入了气候变化税。通过企业证明其正式运营并符合环境需求，他们可以从一些税收中获得减免。由于政府的行动，这确保了企业更具可持续性。

In relation to the financial crisis of 2008, the fear spread throughout the entire world economy, instilled confidence in the need for government intervention. This was to inhibit the actions of the market through regulation, in specific reference to the banking sector, in order to prevent history repeating itself (Wetherly and Otter, 2011).

关于2008年的金融危机，恐惧蔓延到整个世界经济，灌输了人们对政府干预必要性的信心。这是为了通过监管来抑制市场的行为，特别是针对银行业，以防止历史重演。

An argument for government and businesses collaborating is due to the fact that SMEs equate to ‘99% of businesses within the EU’, making their impact strong (Wetherly and Otter, 2011). They are huge drivers of the economy with 85% of net jobs being created by them, making them favourable. Through the different levels of government, e.g. regional and local, it is easier to provide attention to business growth in one area. It also means SME’s can collaborate with governments, through initiatives, in benefit for themselves, the consumer and the environment. For example, the Welsh government placing £2m into SMEs to find solutions for the challenges facing the public sector (Welsh Government, 2015).

政府和企业合作的理由是，中小企业相当于“欧盟内99%的企业”，这使得它们的影响力很强。他们是经济的巨大驱动力，85%的净就业岗位都是由他们创造的，这使他们处于有利地位。通过不同级别的政府，例如地区和地方政府，更容易关注一个领域的业务增长。这也意味着中小企业可以通过举措与政府合作，为自己、消费者和环境谋福利。例如，威尔士政府向中小企业投入200万英镑，为公共部门面临的挑战寻找解决方案。

Non-profit organisations (NPO) are also referred to as the voluntary or third sector. Salmon et al (2003) sets out five characteristics for non-profit entities. He states that they are; organisations, private, non-profit distributing, self-governing and voluntary (Salamon et al, 2003). NPOs, have become increasingly present as they have shown to provide a “middle way” platform, in the sense that previously, dependence was either on the market or the state (Salamon et al, 1999). Most theories of the role of non-profit sector embrace the idea of a trichotomy, which refers to the government, for-profit and non-profit organisations, as they are all involved in the production of goods and services (Powell and Steinberg, 2006). An NPO is exempt from paying tax and is formed for various purposes. The money earned does not financially benefit the trustees and shareholders, but instead is used to pay for its own expenses (Jackson, 2003). This is a main difference between private sector businesses and NPOs, as the private sector focuses on the motive of profit (Wetherly and Otter, 2011). Examples of non-profit enterprises include: The Co-Operative, Toms Shoes, and Unicef. In conjunction with these examples, there are other enlightening examples, One World Health is the first non-profit pharmaceutical company that develops medicine at affordable prices for the developing world (OECD, 2010). NPOs therefore acknowledge meeting urgent societal challenges and promoting sustainability.

非营利组织也被称为志愿或第三部门。Salmon等人提出了非营利实体的五个特征。他说他们是；私人、非营利、分配、自治和自愿组织。NPO越来越多地出现，因为它们已经证明提供了一个“中间路线”平台，从这个意义上说，以前依赖市场或国家。大多数关于非营利部门作用的理论都接受三分法的观点，三分法指的是政府、营利性和非营利组织，因为它们都参与了商品和服务的生产。NPO是免税的，是为各种目的而成立的。赚来的钱并没有给受托人和股东带来经济利益，而是用来支付自己的费用。这是私营部门企业和非营利组织之间的主要区别，因为私营部门关注利润动机。非营利企业的例子包括：The Co-Operative、Toms Shoes和Unicef。结合这些例子，还有其他富有启发性的例子，One World Health是第一家以发展中国家负担得起的价格开发药物的非营利制药公司。因此，非营利组织承认应对紧迫的社会挑战和促进可持续性。

In regards to NPO and Government, awareness has increased that governments who act alone cannot achieve the changes required for sustainability to great effect. As a result, governments need to implement initiatives to increase participation by all sectors of society (Bell, 2002). As a result, partnerships between the three sectors are required. Over the years it has become increasingly apparent that organisations want to work in conjunction with one another. Partnerships are when organisations work together to address tasks by sharing resources, expertise and risk. Furthermore, popular partners of non-governmental organisations has been with the United Nations and Government agencies (Grisseri and Sepala, 2010).

关于非营利组织和政府，人们越来越认识到，单独行动的政府无法实现可持续性所需的巨大变革。因此，各国政府需要采取主动行动，增加社会各阶层的参与（Bell，2002年）。因此，需要在这三个部门之间建立伙伴关系。多年来，越来越明显的是，各组织希望相互合作。伙伴关系是指组织通过共享资源、专业知识和风险来共同完成任务。此外，非政府组织的受欢迎合作伙伴一直与联合国和政府机构合作。

To conclude, there are various interpretations and concepts of what constitutes a responsible enterprise. Ultimately, driving sustainability and CSR initiatives are crucial in order to come under the scope of being responsible. Although, this MBA essay only covered a couple global challenges, there are more struggles of the world that are increasing rapidly. These struggles pertain to economic, social and environmental issues. By acknowledging and implementing sustainable solutions we can extend the life of the Earth, increase worldwide social welfare and drive economic growth, in preparation for generation to come.

总之，关于什么是负责任的企业，有各种各样的解释和概念。归根结底，推动可持续发展和企业社会责任举措对于纳入负责任的范围至关重要。尽管这篇文章只涵盖了几个全球性的挑战，但世界上还有更多的斗争正在迅速增加。这些斗争涉及经济、社会和环境问题。通过承认和实施可持续的解决方案，我们可以延长地球的寿命，增加世界范围的社会福利，推动经济增长，为子孙后代做准备。

Overall, collaborations are necessary by the government, business and non-profit organisations. By coming together, each can contribute to enhancing sustainability to address the challenges faced. Governments contribute by making sure businesses are aware by implementing legislation and initiatives. Businesses can help by making the products and services they offer make an impact by making consumers aware of the need for sustainability, and also attaining certified stamps to support well established companies that are actively making a difference. Regarding NPOs, they address the challenges by raising awareness, and helping out by investing in the issues that really need help and support. Due to the far reaching involvement sustainability requires. It is evident collaborations are needed as the three models cannot exist in pure form because markets everywhere have already developed in co-operation with the government, voluntary sector and even wider society.

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MBA essay总结到政府、企业和非营利组织之间的合作是必要的。通过团结一致，每个人都可以为提高可持续性以应对所面临的挑战做出贡献。政府通过实施立法和倡议，确保企业意识到这一点。企业可以通过让消费者意识到可持续发展的必要性，让他们提供的产品和服务产生影响，并获得认证印章来支持那些积极有所作为的老牌公司，从而提供帮助。关于非营利组织，他们通过提高认识来应对挑战，并通过投资于真正需要帮助和支持的问题来提供帮助。由于涉及面广，可持续性需要。很明显，需要合作，因为这三种模式不可能以纯粹的形式存在，因为世界各地的市场已经在与政府、志愿部门甚至更广泛的社会的合作中发展起来。本站提供各国MBA essay范文，MBA essay写作辅导，如有需要可咨询本平台。