PEST分析法参考范文：Business Development: Competitor and PEST Analysis

PEST分析法参考范文-企业发展：竞争对手与PEST分析。本文是一篇PEST分析法写作范文，主要内容是讲述在企业中，规模不会太大，因此初期可能有10名员工。他们中的四五个人将对新型香水进行研究和实验，并制造出与其他品牌不同的新气味。团队的其他成员将进行一些市场调查，以了解客户是谁，以及什么样的气味可以让他们感到新鲜和新鲜。此外，该公司的部门将是一级、二级和三级。如果可能的话，该公司将购买一个花园来种植自己的食材，如鲜花和水果。当这些成分开花后，它们会被送到实验室进行提取和纯化，制成香水。产品完成后，将通过实际商店进行销售。下面就一起来看以下这篇PEST分析法写作范的具体内容。

In the business, the size would not be too large, so there might be 10 employees at the beginning stage. Four or five of them will do research and experiments about new types of perfume and make new and different smells from the other brands. The rest of the team will do some market research to discover who the customer is and what kind of smells can make them feel fresh and new. Besides, the sectors of the company would be primary, secondary and tertiary. If it is possible, the company would buy a garden to plant its own ingredients, such as flowers and fruits.  When the ingredients have blossomed, they will deliver to the laboratory to be extracted and purified to make fragrances. After the completion of the product, it will be sold through the actual shop.

The biggest competitors of the business would be Creed Fragrance and Jo Malone, because these two companies just produce perfumes, scented candles and others. Although Chanel and Dior will produce and sell clothes and makeups, which means they do not just focus on perfumes, it can be competitors to the business as well. However, substitute would another kind of competitors to the company. Take shampoo and lotion as examples, some of their smells can last quite long time and their prices are much cheaper than buying perfume. Thus, these kinds of substitutes would affect the sales of the products as well.

该业务最大的竞争对手将是Creed Fragrance和Jo Malone，因为这两家公司只生产香水、香味蜡烛和其他产品。尽管香奈儿和迪奥将生产和销售服装和化妆品，这意味着他们不仅专注于香水，也可能是该业务的竞争对手。然而，替代品将是该公司的另一种竞争对手。以洗发水和乳液为例，它们的一些气味可以持续很长时间，而且它们的价格比购买香水便宜得多。因此，这类替代品也会影响产品的销售。

The type of ownership in the business would be sole trader. Although there are limitations to access to capital and unlimited liabilities if the business is failed, the owner can set up the business, high degree to control the company and keep all the profit, also the owner has ability to offer personal service. Moreover, the resources that need to be included in the production will be some raw materials, such as flowers and alcohol. In order to do research and experiments, a laboratory is also needed in the business. A factory is needed to design and make the bottles, and to make packaging.

该企业的所有权类型将是独资企业。尽管如果企业倒闭，获得资本和无限责任的途径是有限的，但所有者可以创办企业，高度控制公司并保持所有利润，而且所有者有能力提供个人服务。此外，生产中需要包括的资源将是一些原材料，如鲜花和酒精。为了进行研究和实验，企业还需要一个实验室。需要一家工厂来设计和制造瓶子，并进行包装。

The last part in SCORE is external environment. PEST Analysis, a framework, can be used to analyse or monitor the business’s external environment.   

SCORE的最后一部分是外部环境。PEST分析是一个框架，可用于分析或监控企业的外部环境。

First of all, P stands for political or politico-legal. It can know the business may be affected by different policies or regulations which would influence the business in different degrees. The business’s owner should obey and not to commit crimes, otherwise the result of this would not be only fined, also be sentenced if it is serious situation. Trade from countries to countries will also impact on the business. Some developed countries will build up a union, so that they can reduce some unexpected expenditures. For example, when customers in Germany and do shopping on a French website, they do not need to pay custom tax. If the business can open in these countries, there might attract more customers. However, another situation is that, customers need to pay loads of tax if they purchase overseas which means the countries are not in the union. For instance, when parcels are sent from the United States or Canada, customers have to pay the duties more or less in different degrees.

首先，P代表政治或政治法律。它可以知道业务可能会受到不同政策或法规的影响，这些政策或法规会对业务产生不同程度的影响。企业主应该服从，不要犯罪，否则后果不仅会被罚款，情节严重的还会被判刑。国与国之间的贸易也将对企业产生影响。一些发达国家将建立一个联盟，这样他们就可以减少一些意想不到的支出。例如，当顾客在德国并在法国网站上购物时，他们不需要缴纳关税。如果这家公司能在这些国家开业，可能会吸引更多的客户。然而，另一种情况是，如果客户在海外购买，则需要支付大量税款，这意味着这些国家不在欧盟。例如，当包裹从美国或加拿大寄出时，客户或多或少都要支付不同程度的关税。

Also, the difference of working hours in different countries might be influence the business as well. Take China and the UK as example, in China, shopping malls and supermarkets will open from nine or ten in the morning till ten in the evening, while the British shopping malls’ opening hours are from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m., except for some big cities, such as London and Manchester. Less opening hours may affect the sales of the product.

此外，不同国家工作时间的差异也可能影响业务。以中国和英国为例，在中国，购物中心和超市的营业时间从早上九点或十点到晚上十点，而英国的购物中心的营业时间是从上午十点到下午六点，除了一些大城市，如伦敦和曼彻斯特。营业时间减少可能会影响产品的销售。

The second part of the PEST Analysis is E which stands for economic. This part of the analysis is to clarify the economic situations all over the world. Starting a new business in a country can help that country to reduce its unemployment rates as the company expands its size and more and more employees would be needed. By contrast, some activities or trends in the current economy might make a huge positive or negative impacts on each business. For example, in 2008, there is a famous event happened around the world – Financial Crisis. This event has affected almost all the businesses and companies around the world. The Financial Crisis has brought many negative impacts to the business, for example, businesses went bankrupt or became impoverished. But some companies have survived from this. Take Netflix as an example, Netflix has gained around 3 million members in 2009 because of the change of its downloading methods. Changing strategies or having Plan B in an unknown situation could probably survive in the situation.

PEST分析的第二部分是E，它代表经济。这部分分析是为了澄清世界各地的经济形势。随着公司规模的扩大和需要越来越多的员工，在一个国家开办新企业可以帮助该国降低失业率。相比之下，当前经济中的一些活动或趋势可能会对每一项业务产生巨大的积极或消极影响。例如，2008年，世界各地发生了一件著名的事件——金融危机。这一事件几乎影响了全世界所有的企业和公司。金融危机给企业带来了许多负面影响，例如企业破产或陷入贫困。但一些公司从中幸存下来。以网飞为例，由于下载方式的改变，网飞在2009年获得了约300万会员。改变策略或在未知情况下制定B计划可能会在这种情况下生存下来。

Furthermore, societies and cultural differences might also affect the business. Age groups, regions, lifestyles and expenditure patterns are parts of the cultural differences. Customers in different regions might have different lifestyles and cultural background, it would result in different preferences. In perfume industry, consumers from eastern countries, such as China, Japan and Korea, might prefer the taste is not quite strong and spicy.

此外，社会和文化差异也可能影响企业。年龄组、地区、生活方式和支出模式是文化差异的一部分。不同地区的顾客可能有不同的生活方式和文化背景，这会导致不同的偏好。在香水行业，来自中国、日本和韩国等东方国家的消费者可能更喜欢味道不太浓烈和刺激的香水。

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